Scientists Reignite Thirty- Year- Old Debate About Glass With New Calculation. Mathematics is far more fraught with debate and disagreement than you might imagine. Arguments about things some of the smartest physicists have trouble understanding rage for years. Recently, a pair of mathematicians ignited some old flames—or rather, shattered some glass—with a new set of results that,if correct, have far- reaching implications in physics and even cybersecurity. ![]() Manual finding drivers for Logitech device can be tricky and stress. You need to know exactly detail technical your Logitech device specs, latest Logitech device. No more missed important software updates! UpdateStar 11 lets you stay up to date and secure with the software on your computer. Tomtom Home. L'équipe TomTom a élaboré TomTom Home pour mieux organiser le contenu. Licence : Gratuit OS : Windows XP Windows Vista Windows 7 Windows 8. Manual finding drivers for Logitech device can be tricky and wrong. You need to know exactly detail technical your Logitech device specs, latest file drivers. Duke physics and math postdoc Sho Yaida and his advisor Patrick Charbonneau published a new paper in Physical Review Letters finding that the structure of glass on an atomic level can be even stranger than we thought. But the calculation could have importance across disordered systems, structures including, as one paper says, “liquids and glasses, grains and foams, galaxies, etc.” When Yaida told Charbonneau he wanted to work on this problem—figuring out whether something called “replica symmetry breaking” occurred in glasses with less than six dimensions—Charbonneau knew they were entering rocky waters.“We were walking to a meeting together and while we were talking, Sho said . I didn’t know to what extent. I knew the reputation of the problem but didn’t know the personalities. I didn’t know who was going to be happy, who was going to be convinced, and who would push back.”The problem concerns something called replica symmetry breaking in glass, which according to Yaida is only “well established in infinite dimensions.”“But we only have three- dimensional space,” he said. Fine, I will explain it. ![]() ![]() Test: Windows Vista SP1 im Test: Neue Funktionen und Benchmarks; ASCII Tabelle - Alle ASCII Codes im Überblick; Windows 7: Neu installieren mit kostenlosem ISO. Blue Iris supports a large list of cameras and has many technology features built in. The following cameras have been tested and confirmed to be compatible. We typically think of large predatory animals like mountain lions as fearless beasts that’ll stop at nothing to procure a meal—even if that meal consists of human. The debate centers on the complex mathematics describing arrangements of things (atoms, for example) that are random but retain a memory of their initial configuration. Glass is what Charbonneau and Yaida are specifically interested in—it’s kind of like super- thick liquid whose random atomic structure keeps its shape. The pair wanted to know how its atomic structure changes under the influence of things like breaking, pressure or temperature. I didn’t know who was going to be happy, who was going to be convinced, and who would push back.”The two simplify these kinds of problems and abstract the hell out of them, looking at them in any number of dimensions. Mathematicians aren’t limited by three spatial dimensions (technically, neither are physicists) and abstracting these problems to more dimensions can make them applicable to non- physical things, like computing algorithms. Researchers studying these many- dimension disordered systems have long wondered whether this replica symmetry breaking occurs below a magic number of dimensions, six. Essentially, with a certain combination of variables, let’s say temperature and pressure, the individual parts of the system, let’s say the atoms in the glass, would no longer have a single most likely configuration, as it usually the case when a liquid freezes to a solid. Instead, the material could have several almost- most likely configurations. If the replica symmetry breaks in glass, then the atoms take on different configurations in different parts of the glass. It’s kind of like moving from filling the back of a car with lots of same- sized bricks to filling it with differently awkwardly- sized pieces of luggage—there’s only one arrangement in the first example, but lots of possible arragnements in the second. If this is hard to understand, that’s because it’s incredibly complex. Several of the smartest physicists and mathematicians I emailed working in adjacent fields said the math went over their heads (same, by the way). One just said he was unfamiliar with the problem but that Yaida is a good physicist. Anyway, Charbonneau and Yaida’s research found evidence that this replica symmetry breaking occurs in real- world glasses we actually care about, those in three dimensions. And that’s important because it can affect lots of glasses’ properties. But the finding is controversial. Others had begun this calculation several decades ago and concluded that replica symmetry breaking probably wouldn’t happen. Yaida essentially plugged that 3. Emeritus Professor Michael Moore at the University of Manchester, who’s been working on the problem in another system, told the two that they were completely incorrect. The controversy comes from the fact that Charbonneau and Yaida’s solution for regular glasses should also work for other disordered systems, like spin glasses. Spin glasses aren’t glasses at all, but metals whose atoms’ spin (an innate physical property which either equals “up” or “down”) is all disordered. Yaida and Charbonneau’s calculation essentially says that replica symmetry breaking occurs in spin glasses too. If that’s true,it would have lots of implications for spin glasses. Spin glasses are real, but don’t have many useful physical applications. Instead, the mathematics that describes them is incredibly useful. There are a whole lot of concepts in computing that might use the same math, including artificial neural networks. It could even help the CIA or FBI crack encryption keys. This math is really important. Moore is saying that Yaida’s math doesn’t conclusively show that the replica symmetry breaking happens in less than six dimensions. It’s just very speculative,” he told Gizmodo. He and his collaborators have a new paper about spin glasses currently in review that he thinks refutes Yaida and Charbonneau’s. But it indicates that it’s unlikely that their scenario is correct.”Moore would like to see the mathematical crank turned a third time, as well as a more rigorous proof that doesn’t involve continuing to turn a crank to get better and better approximations. Other researchers had different feelings on Yaida’s math, but the general sentiment seemed to be that it was a good direction to take the problem. Lisa Manning, associate professor at Syracuse University, told Gizmodo. It’s the right next step in my opinion to pinning the solution down. A lot of us didn’t expect that a two- loop calculation,” turning the crank a second time, “would give this result.” Researcher Giorgio Parisi has been working on this problem for a long time and agreed with that assessment. He thinks the problem has been over- chewed. But he stands by the idea that there’s no replica symmetry breaking in less than six dimensions. Charbonneau thought that maybe Moore and Katzgraber were biased, because spin glasses are different from regular glasses. Maybe the symmetry breaking occurs in some way that hasn’t been observed yet. While he thinks Yaida’s math pretty conclusively demonstrates the presence of the broken symmetry, he knows that the story isn’t quite over yet.“When we submitted this work we thought we made a really major step,” he said. Technology & Tested Cameras - Blue Iris. Technology Features. Simultaneously use up to 6. Use USB webcams, DV camcorders, network IP cams (see list below), as well as video servers. Use generic cards with Direct. Show drivers, or better, the H. Euresys. com. Overlay text, timestamps, and alpha- blended graphics. The highly- efficient Blue Iris DVR file format allows time- slip viewing. Direct. X integration provides smooth digital scaling. Direct. Show integration provides optimal capture performance. Windows Media technologies integration (full version) allows capture into WMV format and Windows Media webcasting. Multithreaded, optimized and rigorously tested code for optimal performance. Geofencing: set/disable features, alerts, etc.
0 Comments
Leave a Reply. |
AuthorWrite something about yourself. No need to be fancy, just an overview. Archives
August 2017
Categories |